Canonical URL

A canonical url component is associate hypertext mark-up language component that helps webmasters stop duplicate content problems by specifying the "canonical" or "preferred" version of an internet page as a part of program improvement.
 
Canonical URLs relate to the concept of selecting the best URL for the web pages that the
visitors want to see. Also, known as canonical tags, these URLs help in content syndication when
multiple versions of the same page become available over the Internet. Thus, it is used to resolve
issues related to content duplication.
 
Canonicalization is the process of picking the best URL when there are multiple choices available. Google will attempt to pick the best URL that they feel is the authority for that page.The easiest way to avoid this is to let the Search engines and the users know which is your "preferred URL" a.k.a canonical URL.
 
Hi

A valid URL tells you the search engine that some similar URLs are actually another one. Sometimes you have the product or content available on many URLs or on many websites. Using a canonical URL (an HTML link tag with attribute rel = canonical) may be present without damaging your ranking

Hope this helps you.
 
If you have a single page accessible by multiple URLs, or different pages with similar content (for example, a page with both a mobile and a desktop version), you should explicitly tell Google which URL is authoritative (canonical) for that page. If you do not do this explicitly, Google will make the choice for you, or might consider them both of equal weight, which might lead to unwanted behavior, as explained in the next section.

Note that although we recommend that you specify a canonical page for duplicate URLs or versions, Google might algorithmically choose a different page as canonical for various reasons such as performance or content.
 
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