One of the easiest methods simply requires some research ahead of time. The idea is to target keyword phrases related to your niche that have a reasonably high search volume, but very few of the search results are using that actual phrase verbatim in their page titles and page content. Doing so yourself puts you at a greater advantage of outranking them in searches for that phrase.
Of course the obvious caveats apply - if the phrase is completely non-sensical or misspelled, then you likely don't want to put it all over one of your pages. In fact, poor grammar and spelling are becoming more of a factor in search engine rankings. Google has been a bit mum on this, but Bing has explicitly mentioned this.