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Mouth ulcers, also known as canker sores, are small lesions that develop on the soft tissues inside your mouth. Though they are typically harmless, they can be quite painful and can interfere with eating, drinking, and even talking. Understanding mouth ulcers, their causes, symptoms, and treatment options is essential for effective management and prevention.
What are Mouth Ulcers?
Definition
Mouth ulcers are open sores or lesions that appear inside the mouth. They are usually round or oval with a white or yellow center and a red border.Types of Mouth Ulcers
- Minor ulcers: Small and oval-shaped, healing within one to two weeks without scarring.
- Major ulcers: Larger and deeper, taking several weeks to heal and potentially causing scarring.
- Herpetiform ulcers: A cluster of dozens of smaller sores, often occurring in older adults.
Causes of Mouth Ulcers
Common Causes
Mouth ulcers can be triggered by various factors, including:- Minor mouth injuries from dental work, brushing, or biting
- Stress and anxiety
- Hormonal changes
- Food sensitivities, especially to acidic or spicy foods
Underlying Health Conditions
Certain health conditions can increase the likelihood of developing mouth ulcers, such as.- Nutritional deficiencies, particularly vitamin B12, zinc, and iron
- Immune system disorders
Symptoms of Mouth Ulcers
How to Identify Mouth Ulcers
Symptoms of mouth ulcers include.- A painful sore or sores inside your mouth, on the tongue, or at the base of the gums
- A burning sensation prior to the appearance of the ulcers
- Swollen skin around the sores
- Difficulty chewing or brushing due to pain
When to Seek Medical Advice
Consult a healthcare provider if you experienceUnusually large ulcers
- New ulcers forming before old ones heal
- Sores persisting for more than three weeks
- Significant pain despite over-the-counter treatments
Diagnosis of Mouth Ulcers
Medical Examination
A doctor will examine your mouth and ask about your medical history and symptoms to diagnose mouth ulcers.Diagnostic Tests
In some cases, further tests such as blood tests, swabs, or biopsies might be needed to rule out other conditions.Treatment Options for Mouth Ulcers
Home Remedies
Home remedies can help alleviate symptoms, including.- Rinsing your mouth with saltwater
- Applying a baking soda paste to the ulcer
- Using milk of magnesia on the ulcer
Over-the-Counter Treatments
OTC treatments for mouth ulcers include.- Topical pastes and gels like benzocaine
- Mouth rinses containing dexamethasone
Prescription Medications
For severe cases, a doctor may prescribe.- Corticosteroids
- Antimicrobial mouthwash
- Pain-relief medications
Preventive Measures
Daily Oral Care Tips
Good oral hygiene can prevent mouth ulcers.- Brush and floss regularly
- Use a soft-bristled toothbrush
- Avoid toothpaste and mouthwash containing sodium lauryl sulfate
Diet and Lifestyle Changes
Maintain a balanced diet and manage stress to reduce the risk of ulcers. Avoid foods that trigger sensitivity.Role of Oral Hygiene in Preventing Mouth Ulcers
Choosing the Right Oral Care Products
Selecting products like those from Stim Oral Care can be beneficial in maintaining oral health and preventing mouth ulcers.Diet and Mouth Ulcers
Foods to Avoid
Avoid foods that can irritate your mouth, such as.- Citrus fruits
- Spicy foods
- Salty snacks
Foods that Promote Healing
Consume foods that aid in healing, such as.- Yogurt
- Leafy greens
- Whole grains